PHP Arrays | asadmukhtar.info

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PHP Arrays

What Are Arrays?

An array in PHP is a single variable that can hold multiple values. Instead of creating multiple variables, we use an array to store and organize related data.

Types of Arrays in PHP

PHP supports three types of arrays:

Indexed Arrays – Stores values with numeric keys.
Associative Arrays – Uses named keys instead of numbers.
Multidimensional Arrays – Contains nested arrays inside an array.

1. Indexed Arrays

✔ Elements are stored with numeric keys (starting from 0).

Example:

$fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"];
echo $fruits[0]; // Output: Apple

Looping Through Indexed Array

$colors = ["Red", "Green", "Blue"];
foreach ($colors as $color) {
    echo $color . "<br>";
}

2. Associative Arrays

✔ Uses named keys instead of numbers.

Example:

$person = ["name" => "John", "age" => 25, "city" => "New York"];
echo $person["name"]; // Output: John

3. Multidimensional Arrays

✔ Stores arrays inside another array.

Example:

$students = [
    ["John", 22, "A"],
    ["Alice", 21, "B"],
    ["Mark", 23, "A"]
];
echo $students[0][0]; // Output: John

✔ 0,0 refers to the first row, first column.

Looping Through Multidimensional Array

foreach ($students as $student) {
    echo "Name: " . $student[0] . ", Age: " . $student[1] . ", Grade: " . $student[2] . "<br>";
}

Useful Array Functions

PHP provides built-in functions for working with arrays:

Function	Description
`count($array)`	Returns the number of elements
`array_push($array, $value)`	Adds an element at the end
`array_pop($array)`	Removes the last element
`array_shift($array)`	Removes the first element
`array_unshift($array, $value)`	Adds an element at the beginning
`array_merge($array1, $array2)`	Combines two arrays
`in_array($value, $array)`	Checks if a value exists
`array_keys($array)`	Returns an array of keys
`array_values($array)`	Returns an array of values

Example:

$numbers = [1, 2, 3];
array_push($numbers, 4); // Adds 4 to the array
print_r($numbers); // Output: [1, 2, 3, 4]

Conclusion

✔ Arrays store multiple values in one variable.
✔ Indexed arrays use numeric keys, associative arrays use named keys.
✔ Multidimensional arrays store arrays inside arrays.
✔ PHP provides useful array functions to manipulate data efficiently. 🚀